in effect
Executive Order 14289, signed April 29, 2025, is a presidential directive that limits how multiple overlapping import tariffs are applied to the same product. It establishes rules to prevent several separately-enacted tariff programs from stacking on top of one another when they apply to the same imported article.
Products covered by the automobile/auto-parts tariff (Proclamation 10908) will no longer also be charged the additional Canada border, Mexico border, steel, or aluminum tariffs. Products charged under the Canada or Mexico border tariffs will not also be charged the steel or aluminum tariffs on top of them. Steel and aluminum tariffs can still stack with each other, but not with the other tariff programs listed. These non-stacking rules apply retroactively to all shipments entered on or after March 4, 2025, meaning importers who already paid stacked tariffs are entitled to refunds processed through standard U.S. Customs and Border Protection procedures. Customs and Border Protection must update its systems to reflect these rules no later than 12:01 a.m. Eastern time on May 16, 2025.
Importers and businesses that bring automobiles, auto parts, steel, aluminum, or goods from Canada or Mexico into the United States are directly affected, as they may owe lower duties than previously collected. Companies that already paid combined tariff rates on shipments since March 4, 2025 may be eligible for partial refunds. The order does not change other unrelated tariffs, such as standard scheduled duties, Section 301 tariffs on Chinese goods, or antidumping and countervailing duties, which continue to apply normally alongside these programs.